Pelvic mass in a young woman with a background of ovarian dysgerminoma: differential diagnosis.

To cite: Vale-Fernandes E, Rodrigues F, Monteiro C, et al. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/bcr-2015212550 DESCRIPTION A dysgerminoma is a very rare and malignant tumour originating from the ovarian primordial germ cells. Germ cell tumours account for 2.6% of all ovarian malignant tumours and about 70% of cases of ovarian cancer in the early decades of life, and are found very rarely thereafter. 2 The authors describe the case of a previous healthy 22-year-old woman, nulligravida, with a history of right ovarian dysgerminoma FIGO (International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics) stage IC (conservative fertility surgery with full staging—right salpingo-oophorectomy, conservation of the uterus and left adnexae with positive peritoneal lavage cytology for malignant cells, without residual neoplasia and no nodal metastases, and negative left ovary and peritoneal biopsies—and three cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with the bleomycin/etoposide/cisplatin scheme, had been performed). Five months after surgical staging and chemotherapy treatment, the patient was admitted in the emergency ward, because of pain in the left iliac fossa, with a bulky pelvic mass